Functions can be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided. The following notation is used to express these operations: Addition: (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x) Subtraction: (f – g)(x) = f(x) – g(x) Multiplication: (f · g)(x) = f(x) · g(x) Divison: (f / g)(x) = f(x) / g(x) Composition: (f ∘ g)(x) = “f of g of x” = f( g(x) )